Monga gawo lofunikira pantchito yomanga, ulusi wathunthu umagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri.M'zaka makumi asanu zapitazi, zomangira zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pantchito yomanga ndi zida zina zamakina.Chifukwa cha kuwongolera kwamphamvu ndi mphamvu ya zida zomangira, kulemera kwa nyumba kukukula mopepuka, ndipo chiŵerengero cha mphamvu ndi kulemera kwa zipangizo zake chikuwonjezekanso.Nyumba yomwe imakhala yopepuka kwambiri si chinthu chabwino, kukana kwake ku mphepo ndi kukhudzidwa kumachepa pang'onopang'ono, kotero pali ngozi ya chitetezo tikamagwiritsa ntchito nyumbazi.M'mbuyomu, anthu ena ankaganiza kuti nyumba ikhoza kumangidwa kokha podalira kulemera kwa nyumbayo yokha ndi kumamatira kwa matope, koma izi siziri choncho, nyumba iliyonse simangidwa ndi matope okha, nthawi ino onse Mechanical. zomangira monga mabatani zimagwira ntchito yake.Pofuna kukonza zolakwika zamapangidwe zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi kuchepetsa kulemera.Pamene kulemera kwa zigawo zomangira kumakhala kopepuka, voliyumu yawo imachepetsedwanso, kotero kuti malo omwe ulusi wathunthu umayikidwa amachepetsedwa mofanana.Ndicho chifukwa chake mphamvu ya ulusi wonse ikufunika kuti ionjezeke, ndi ntchito yake Iyenera kukhala yodziwikiratu, kuti zitsimikizire chitetezo cha nyumbayo, komanso kupititsa patsogolo kukana kwa mphepo ndi kukhudzidwa kwa nyumbayo.Osapeputsa zotsatira za ulusi wathunthu, womwe nthawi zina umakhala ndi gawo lalikulu.
Nangula ndi amitundu iyi:
(1) Bawuti yowonjezera nangula
Maboti owonjezera a nangula, omwe amatchedwa mabawuti okulitsa, amagwiritsa ntchito kusuntha kwa chulucho ndi pepala lokulitsa (kapena manja okulitsa) kulimbikitsa kukulitsa kwa pepala lokulitsa, kupanga mphamvu zowonjezera ndi zowonjezera ndi konkriti pakhoma la dzenje, ndikupanga kukoka kukana kudzera mukumeta ubweya wa ubweya.Chigawo chomwe chimazindikira kukhazikika kwa chidutswa cholumikizidwa.Maboti a nangula okulitsa amagawidwa kukhala mtundu wowongolera ma torque ndi mtundu wowongolera kutengera njira zosiyanasiyana zowongolera mphamvu pakukhazikitsa.Yoyamba imayendetsedwa ndi torque, ndipo yomalizayo imayendetsedwa ndi kusamuka.
(2) Nangula wa mtundu wa Reaming
Nangula wamtundu wa Reaming, womwe umatchedwa kuti reaming bolts kapena grooving bolts, akubwereranso ndikukonzanso konkire pansi pa dzenje lobowola, pogwiritsa ntchito makina olumikizirana pakati pa konkriti yonyamula pamwamba yomwe idapangidwa pambuyo pokonzanso ndi mutu wokulitsa wa bawuti ya nangula. ., chigawo chomwe chimazindikira kukhazikika kwa chidutswa cholumikizidwa.Maboti a nangula amagawika m'kukonzanso ndi kudzipangira okha molingana ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zopangiranso.Yoyamba ndi pre-grooving ndi reming ndi wapadera pobowola chida;bolt yomaliza ya nangula imabwera ndi chida, chomwe chimakhala chodzigudubuza ndikuyambiranso panthawi yoyika, ndipo grooving ndi kukhazikitsa zimamalizidwa nthawi imodzi.
(3) Maboti a nangula omangika
Zomangira za nangula zomangika, zomwe zimadziwikanso kuti ziboliboli zamankhwala, zomwe zimatchedwa ma bolts amankhwala kapena zomangira, zimapangidwa ndi zomatira zapadera zamankhwala (anchoring glue) kuti amamatire ndi kukonza zomangira ndi mipope yamkati mkati mwa mabowo obowola a magawo a konkire.Kumangirira ndi kutseka ntchito pakati pa zomatira ndi wononga ndi zomatira ndi khoma la dzenje la konkire kuti lizindikire chigawo chomwe chimamangiriridwa ku chidutswa cholumikizidwa.
(4) Kubzala mankhwala kwa tendons
Chomera chobzala mankhwala chimaphatikizapo zitsulo zopindika ndi ndodo zazitali, zomwe ndiukadaulo wolumikizana ndi nangula womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mabwalo aukadaulo adziko langa.Nangula wa mipiringidzo yobzala mankhwala ndi yofanana ndi yomanga mabawuti a nangula, koma chifukwa kutalika kwa mipiringidzo yobzala mankhwala ndi zomangira zazitali sizochepa, ndizofanana ndi kukhazikika kwa mipiringidzo ya konkriti, ndi mawonekedwe owonongeka. ndi yosavuta kuwongolera, ndipo nthawi zambiri imatha kuwongoleredwa ngati kuwonongeka kwa mipiringidzo ya nangula.Chifukwa chake, ndiyoyenera kulumikizana ndi ma anchorage a mamembala omangika kapena osakhazikika omwe mphamvu zawo zokhazikika komanso zolimba za seismic ndizochepera kapena zofanana ndi 8.
(5) Zomangira konkriti
Mapangidwe ndi makina okhazikika a zomangira za konkriti ndizofanana ndi zomangira zamatabwa.Njira yapadera imagwiritsidwa ntchito pogubuduza ndi kuzimitsa wononga zolimba ndi zakuthwa za ulusi wa mpeni.Pakuyika, dzenje lolunjika lokhala ndi mainchesi ang'onoang'ono limabowoleredwa kale, ndiyeno phula limakulungidwa, pogwiritsa ntchito ulusi ndi dzenje.Kuchita kwa occlusal pakati pa khoma konkire kumatulutsa mphamvu yokoka ndikuzindikira chigawo chomwe chimamangiriridwa ku mbali zogwirizanitsa.
(6) Kuombera misomali
Msomali wowombera ndi mtundu wa misomali yachitsulo yolimba kwambiri, kuphatikizapo zomangira, zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi mfuti, mu konkire, ndikugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwake (900 ° C) kupanga misomali yachitsulo ndi konkire yophatikizidwa chifukwa cha kusakanikirana kwa mankhwala ndi kugwedeza.Zindikirani anangula wa magawo ogwirizana.
